Modern dog training methods focus on the first consequence, on providing a happy outcome for the dog when he offers the right behavior, rather than on correcting mistakes after they have happened.
Many modern dog trainers avoid the use of aversives altogether and most aspire to do so.
The reason these techniques have only recently become popular is simply that people did not realise how effective they are for teaching and controlling dogs.
Zoo keepers, film makers and scientists have been using them for decades, but only now are we using them widely for dog training. With fantastic results.
